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Brihadeshwara Temple (Tamil:Peruvudaiyar Kovil) is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva located in Thanjavur in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is also known as ''Periya Kovil'', ''RajaRajeswara Temple'' and ''Rajarajeswaram''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tamil Nadu – Thanjavur Periya Kovil – 1000 Years, Six Earthquakes, Still Standing Strong )〕〔South Indian Inscriptions – Vol II, Part I & II〕 It is one of the largest temples in India and is an example of Dravidian architecture during the Chola period. Built by emperor Raja Raja Chola I and completed in 1010 AD, the temple turned 1000 years old in 2010.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://asi.nic.in/asi_monu_whs_cholabt_endowments.asp )〕 The temple is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the "Great Living Chola Temples", with the other two being the Brihadeeswarar Temple, Gangaikonda Cholapuram and Airavatesvara temple.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tanjavur Periya Kovil Tamil Nadu )〕 The temple stands amidst fortified walls that were probably added in the 16th century. The vimanam (temple tower) is high and is the tallest in the world. The Kumbam (the apex or the bulbous structure on the top) of the temple is carved out of a single rock and weighs around 80 tons. There is a big statue of Nandi (sacred bull), carved out of a single rock measuring about 16 feet long and 13 feet high at the entrance.〔 The entire temple structure is made out of granite, the nearest sources of which are about 60 km to the west of temple. The temple is one of the most visited tourist attractions in Tamil Nadu. ==History== The Brihadeshwarar temple was built to grace the throne of the Chola empire by the Tamil emperor Arulmozhivarman, popularly called Rajaraja Chola I, () in compliance to a command given to him in a dream.〔Encyclopaedia of Political Parties By Ralhan, O. P.〕 One of the first great Tamil Chola building projects, the temple's foundations were laid out in 1002 CE.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Chola Dynasty 300 B.C. to 1250 A.D. )〕 An axial and symmetrical geometry rules the temple layout.〔Thapar 2004, pp.43, 52–53〕 Temples from this period and the following two centuries are an expression of the Tamilars (Chola) wealth, power and artistic expertise. The emergence of such features as the multifaceted columns with projecting square capitals signal the arrival of the new Chola style.〔Mitchell 1988, pp. 145–148〕 Intended to display the emperor's vision of his power and his relationship to the universal order, the temple was the site of the major royal ceremonies such as anointing the emperor and linking him with its deity, Shiva, and the daily rituals of the deities were mirrored by those of the king. It is an architectural example showcasing the pure form of the Dravida type of temple architecture and representative of the Chola Empire ideology and the Tamil civilisation in Southern India. The temple "testify to the brilliant achievements of the Chola in architecture, sculpture, painting and bronze casting."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Great Living Chola Temples )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brihadeeswarar Temple」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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